Utilité sociale/Social Impact - Revision history

Fwautiez at 13:24, 20 June 2023

2023-06-20T13:24:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:24, 20 June 2023
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	* ecological and territorial (activities and jobs that cannot be relocated, short circuits, etc.).		* ecological and territorial (activities and jobs that cannot be relocated, short circuits, etc.).

	In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social value in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimension that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>		In France, '''the concept of social impact differs from that of social value''' in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimension that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>

	According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06</ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself in the community and only of its activities/ programs/services.		According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06</ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself in the community and only of its activities/ programs/services.

	Social Value measurements need to establish the why, how, for whom, with whom through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved. It can be the trigger for a collective process on the aims of the project, on what is worth to be done together and on our shared values.		'''Social Value measurements''' need to establish the why, how, for whom, with whom through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved. It can be the trigger for a collective process on the aims of the project, on what is worth to be done together and on our shared values.

	The UNTFSSE (Un Task Force for SSE) ~~associated it~~ deeply to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.		The UNTFSSE (Un Task Force for SSE) associates deeply social value to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.


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	* According to the '''Italian''' Law on Third Sector: “Social impact assessment means the qualitative and quantitative assessment, in the short, medium and long term, of the effects of the activities carried out on the reference community with respect to the identified goal.” (Law 106/2016, Art. 7, Subsection 1, Letter o).		* According to the '''Italian''' Law on Third Sector: “Social impact assessment means the qualitative and quantitative assessment, in the short, medium and long term, of the effects of the activities carried out on the reference community with respect to the identified goal.” (Law 106/2016, Art. 7, Subsection 1, Letter o).

	* In Spain, REAS, Red de Redes, has created a unique social value tool, called [https://reas.red/auditoria-social-2022/ "La ESS enseña el corazón. Auditoría/Balance social"] since 2014. Although it translated badly in English (social audit can be used by any type of business), it is an assessment tool intended first for REAS members, but also to SSE initiatives in general. It is a self-diagnosis, based on a questionnaire and a set of indicators narrowly linked to their [http://www.socioeco.org/bdf_fiche-document-8673_es.html Charter SSE principles] but also to the Sustainable Development Goals. The results obtained by the organisations are shown on the map of responsible consumption through mercadosocial.net, and each year, with the analysis of all the aggregate data, three reports are produced: A general report with all the data, a report with a feminist perspective (with gender data) and another with the annual evolution by sector of the Mercado Social indicators (with data on internal consumption and inter-cooperation).		* In '''Spain''', REAS, Red de Redes, has created a unique social value tool, called [https://reas.red/auditoria-social-2022/ "La ESS enseña el corazón. Auditoría/Balance social"] since 2014. Although it translated badly in English (social audit can be used by any type of business), it is an assessment tool intended first for REAS members, but also to SSE initiatives in general. It is a self-diagnosis, based on a questionnaire and a set of indicators narrowly linked to their [http://www.socioeco.org/bdf_fiche-document-8673_es.html Charter SSE principles] but also to the Sustainable Development Goals. The results obtained by the organisations are shown on the map of responsible consumption through mercadosocial.net, and each year, with the analysis of all the aggregate data, three reports are produced: A general report with all the data, a report with a feminist perspective (with gender data) and another with the annual evolution by sector of the Mercado Social indicators (with data on internal consumption and inter-cooperation).

	== Main networks working on this issue ==		== Main networks working on this issue ==

	In France, the [https://www.rtes.fr/ Réseau des collectivités Territoriales pour une Economie Solidaire (RTES)] has developed social value assessment for SSE public policies.		In France, the [https://www.rtes.fr/ Réseau des collectivités Territoriales pour une Economie Solidaire (RTES)] has developed social value assessment for SSE public policies.

			In Spain, the REAS, Red de Redes platform [https://reas.red/auditoria-social-2022/ "La ESS enseña el corazón. Auditoría/Balance social"]

	== Links ==		== Links ==

Fwautiez at 13:59, 19 June 2023

2023-06-19T13:59:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:59, 19 June 2023
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	According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06</ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself in the community and only of its activities/ programs/services.		According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06</ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself in the community and only of its activities/ programs/services.

	Social Value measurements need to establish the why, how, for whom, with whom through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved. It can be the trigger for a collective process on the aims of the project, on what is worth to be done together and on our shared values.		Social Value measurements need to establish the why, how, for whom, with whom through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved. It can be the trigger for a collective process on the aims of the project, on what is worth to be done together and on our shared values.

	The UNTFSSE (Un Task Force for SSE) associated it deeply to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.		The UNTFSSE (Un Task Force for SSE) associated it deeply to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.



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	* According to the '''Italian''' Law on Third Sector: “Social impact assessment means the qualitative and quantitative assessment, in the short, medium and long term, of the effects of the activities carried out on the reference community with respect to the identified goal.” (Law 106/2016, Art. 7, Subsection 1, Letter o).		* According to the '''Italian''' Law on Third Sector: “Social impact assessment means the qualitative and quantitative assessment, in the short, medium and long term, of the effects of the activities carried out on the reference community with respect to the identified goal.” (Law 106/2016, Art. 7, Subsection 1, Letter o).

			* In Spain, REAS, Red de Redes, has created a unique social value tool, called [https://reas.red/auditoria-social-2022/ "La ESS enseña el corazón. Auditoría/Balance social"] since 2014. Although it translated badly in English (social audit can be used by any type of business), it is an assessment tool intended first for REAS members, but also to SSE initiatives in general. It is a self-diagnosis, based on a questionnaire and a set of indicators narrowly linked to their [http://www.socioeco.org/bdf_fiche-document-8673_es.html Charter SSE principles] but also to the Sustainable Development Goals. The results obtained by the organisations are shown on the map of responsible consumption through mercadosocial.net, and each year, with the analysis of all the aggregate data, three reports are produced: A general report with all the data, a report with a feminist perspective (with gender data) and another with the annual evolution by sector of the Mercado Social indicators (with data on internal consumption and inter-cooperation).

	== Main networks working on this issue ==		== Main networks working on this issue ==

Fwautiez: /* Public policies associated with this issue */

2023-06-19T13:23:51Z

Public policies associated with this issue

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:23, 19 June 2023
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	== Public policies associated with this issue ==		== Public policies associated with this issue ==

	In France, three public policies have shaped the public authorities' approach to social value: taxation of associations; subsidised employment policies and the law on the social economy (2014). Article 2 of this law broadens the criteria for social value: "providing, through their activity, support for people in vulnerable situations", plus "fighting inequality", "educating citizens", strengthening "territorial cohesion", "sustainable development" and "international solidarity".		* In '''France''', three public policies have shaped the public authorities' approach to social value: taxation of associations; subsidised employment policies and the law on the social economy (2014). Article 2 of this law broadens the criteria for social value: "providing, through their activity, support for people in vulnerable situations", plus "fighting inequality", "educating citizens", strengthening "territorial cohesion", "sustainable development" and "international solidarity".

	According to the Italian Law on Third Sector: “Social impact assessment means the qualitative and quantitative assessment, in the short, medium and long term, of the effects of the activities carried out on the reference community with respect to the identified goal.” (Law 106/2016, Art. 7, Subsection 1, Letter o).

			* According to the '''Italian''' Law on Third Sector: “Social impact assessment means the qualitative and quantitative assessment, in the short, medium and long term, of the effects of the activities carried out on the reference community with respect to the identified goal.” (Law 106/2016, Art. 7, Subsection 1, Letter o).

	== Main networks working on this issue ==		== Main networks working on this issue ==

Fwautiez at 13:16, 19 June 2023

2023-06-19T13:16:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:16, 19 June 2023
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	{{Ebauche}}		{{Ebauche}}

	"There is no single, consensual ~~definition~~ definition of social value. However, it is possible to distinguish two approaches.		"There is no single, consensual definition of social value. However, it is possible to distinguish two approaches.
	The first, which is '''simplistic and subsidiary''', is deduced from legislation on the taxation of associations and subsidised employment. An initiative or activity is deemed to be socially useful if it meets social needs that are not covered by the market or public authorities, and is aimed at people in need of integration or who are socially vulnerable.		The first, which is '''simplistic and subsidiary''', is deduced from legislation on the taxation of associations and subsidised employment. An initiative or activity is deemed to be socially useful if it meets social needs that are not covered by the market or public authorities, and is aimed at people in need of integration or who are socially vulnerable.

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	* ecological and territorial (activities and jobs that cannot be relocated, short circuits, etc.).		* ecological and territorial (activities and jobs that cannot be relocated, short circuits, etc.).

	In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social value in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary ~~dimen- sion~~ that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>		In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social value in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimension that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>

	According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06</ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself and only of its activities/ programs/services.		According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06</ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself in the community and only of its activities/ programs/services.

	Social Value measurements need to establish why, how, for whom, with whom ~~to measure~~ through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved.		Social Value measurements need to establish the why, how, for whom, with whom through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved. It can be the trigger for a collective process on the aims of the project, on what is worth to be done together and on our shared values.

	The UNTFSSE (Un Task Force for SSE) associated it deeply to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.		The UNTFSSE (Un Task Force for SSE) associated it deeply to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Fwautiez at 13:07, 19 June 2023

2023-06-19T13:07:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:07, 19 June 2023
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	In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social value in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimen- sion that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>		In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social value in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimen- sion that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>

	According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06<:ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself and only of its activities/ programs/services.		According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06</ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself and only of its activities/ programs/services.

	Social Value measurements need to establish why, how, for whom, with whom to measure through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved.		Social Value measurements need to establish why, how, for whom, with whom to measure through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved.

Fwautiez at 13:06, 19 June 2023

2023-06-19T13:06:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:06, 19 June 2023
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	In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social value in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimen- sion that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>		In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social value in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimen- sion that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>

			According to Bassi <ref>From “Social Impact” to “Social Value”. A holistic approach to the SSE Worth’ Measurement, CIRIEC n°2022/06<:ref>, the term "impact" doesn't consider the worth linked to the presence of the organization itself and only of its activities/ programs/services.

			Social Value measurements need to establish why, how, for whom, with whom to measure through research or collectively, identifying objectives, criterias, dimensions, indicators, recommandations, etc. The dissemination of the results needs also a specific approach if it aims to be useful to the organism itself or to the community involved.

			The UNTFSSE (Un Task Force for SSE) associated it deeply to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.



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	== Equivalent concepts ==		== Equivalent concepts ==

	Utilité sociale, social impact		Utilité sociale, social impact, social added value (plus-value sociale), social return,

	== History of the concept ==		== History of the concept ==
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	In France, three public policies have shaped the public authorities' approach to social value: taxation of associations; subsidised employment policies and the law on the social economy (2014). Article 2 of this law broadens the criteria for social value: "providing, through their activity, support for people in vulnerable situations", plus "fighting inequality", "educating citizens", strengthening "territorial cohesion", "sustainable development" and "international solidarity".		In France, three public policies have shaped the public authorities' approach to social value: taxation of associations; subsidised employment policies and the law on the social economy (2014). Article 2 of this law broadens the criteria for social value: "providing, through their activity, support for people in vulnerable situations", plus "fighting inequality", "educating citizens", strengthening "territorial cohesion", "sustainable development" and "international solidarity".

			According to the Italian Law on Third Sector: “Social impact assessment means the qualitative and quantitative assessment, in the short, medium and long term, of the effects of the activities carried out on the reference community with respect to the identified goal.” (Law 106/2016, Art. 7, Subsection 1, Letter o).


	== Main networks working on this issue ==		== Main networks working on this issue ==

			In France, the [https://www.rtes.fr/ Réseau des collectivités Territoriales pour une Economie Solidaire (RTES)] has developed social value assessment for SSE public policies.

	== Links ==		== Links ==
	=== With socioeco.org ===		=== With socioeco.org ===

Fwautiez: /* History of the concept */

2023-06-19T12:23:07Z

History of the concept

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:23, 19 June 2023
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	* In the 2000s, social value was claimed by many actors and institutions as: '''a marker of a non-statutory approach''' to the SSE field (e.g. the APES progress approach); '''a label''' for solidarity-based, fair trade and ecological practices (e.g. fair trade); '''a criterion''' for a new company status (e.g. the SCIC); a funding criterion for calls for projects from local authorities or foundations; '''a subject of research''' and '''an evaluation method''.		* In the 2000s, social value was claimed by many actors and institutions as: '''a marker of a non-statutory approach''' to the SSE field (e.g. the APES progress approach); '''a label''' for solidarity-based, fair trade and ecological practices (e.g. fair trade); '''a criterion''' for a new company status (e.g. the SCIC); a funding criterion for calls for projects from local authorities or foundations; '''a subject of research''' and '''an evaluation method''.

	In the ~~2010s~~, the concept of social impact gradually spread and came to compete with that of social value under the influence of new players (social entrepreneurs), financiers (foundations, private investors), new public measures (e.g. social impact contracts), international bodies (e.g. the OECD's social impact task force), consultancy firms (e.g. KPMG) and business schools (e.g. the social entrepreneurship chair at Essec)."<ref>from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>		After the financial-economic crisis of 2008, the need of impact evaluation methods both by for profit and SSE organizations was stressed. The concept of social impact gradually spread and came to compete with that of social value under the influence of new players (social entrepreneurs), financiers (foundations, private investors), new public measures (e.g. social impact contracts), international bodies (e.g. the OECD's social impact task force), consultancy firms (e.g. KPMG) and business schools (e.g. the social entrepreneurship chair at Essec)."<ref>from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>

	== Public policies associated with this issue ==		== Public policies associated with this issue ==

Fwautiez at 09:29, 14 June 2023

2023-06-14T09:29:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:29, 14 June 2023
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	and much more in French [http://www.socioeco.org/bdf_motcle-thema-151_fr.html here].		and much more in French [http://www.socioeco.org/bdf_motcle-thema-151_fr.html here].

			== References ==

Fwautiez: /* Links */

2023-06-14T09:29:18Z

Links

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:29, 14 June 2023
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	== Main networks working on this issue ==		== Main networks working on this issue ==
	== Links ==		== Links ==
			=== With socioeco.org ===

			[[THEMA ID::151\|Matching Socioeco.org thematic keyword]]

			and much more in French [http://www.socioeco.org/bdf_motcle-thema-151_fr.html here].

Fwautiez at 09:21, 14 June 2023

2023-06-14T09:21:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:21, 14 June 2023
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	{{Ebauche}}		{{Ebauche}}

	"There is no single, consensual definition definition of social ~~utility~~. However, it is possible to distinguish two approaches.		"There is no single, consensual definition definition of social value. However, it is possible to distinguish two approaches.
	The first, which is '''simplistic and subsidiary''', is deduced from legislation on the taxation of associations and subsidised employment. An initiative or activity is deemed to be socially useful if it meets social needs that are not covered by the market or public authorities, and is aimed at people in need of integration or who are socially vulnerable.		The first, which is '''simplistic and subsidiary''', is deduced from legislation on the taxation of associations and subsidised employment. An initiative or activity is deemed to be socially useful if it meets social needs that are not covered by the market or public authorities, and is aimed at people in need of integration or who are socially vulnerable.

	The second, '''more general definition''' refers to the capacity of an economic organisation with a social purpose to carry out its project and/or fulfil its mission effectively and to make the most of the external effects of its actions.		The second, '''more general definition''' refers to the capacity of an economic organisation with a social purpose to carry out its project and/or fulfil its mission effectively and to make the most of the external effects of its actions.

	This definition does not specify a priori the criteria for social ~~utility~~, as a project produces '''multidimensional effects'''. Jean Gadrey <ref> Gadrey J. (2006)., « L’utilité sociale », in : J-L. Laville, A. D. Cattani (Dir.) Dictionnaire de l’autre économie, Gallimard, Paris, p.641-651.</ref> distinguishes five components:		This definition does not specify a priori the criteria for social value, as a project produces '''multidimensional effects'''. Jean Gadrey <ref> Gadrey J. (2006)., « L’utilité sociale », in : J-L. Laville, A. D. Cattani (Dir.) Dictionnaire de l’autre économie, Gallimard, Paris, p.641-651.</ref> distinguishes five components:
	* economic (efficiency, social costs avoided, new activities, response to unmet needs, etc.),		* economic (efficiency, social costs avoided, new activities, response to unmet needs, etc.),
	* social (inclusion, equal access, diversity, social cohesion, etc.),		* social (inclusion, equal access, diversity, social cohesion, etc.),
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	* ecological and territorial (activities and jobs that cannot be relocated, short circuits, etc.).		* ecological and territorial (activities and jobs that cannot be relocated, short circuits, etc.).

	In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social ~~utility~~ in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimen- sion that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>		In France, the concept of social impact differs from that of social value in that it considers the results and impacts of an activity independently of the intentions and values of those responsible for it, its purpose, its modes of governance and the status of the organisation that implements it. In the context of social impact, it is no longer a question of associations differentiating themselves from the private for-profit sector, but of following its organisational contours in order to maximise the often quite specific effects of their activity, often without observing the co-lateral secondary effects or externalities. It is often the systemic and/or cross-disciplinary dimen- sion that is lost in the impact approach. Impacts tend to be confused with results as soon as the external evaluation attributes them to the company's actions alone and homogenises them through a monetary and quantitative assessment." <ref>Definition from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>


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	== History of the concept ==		== History of the concept ==

	"The term "utilité sociale (social ~~utility~~)" emerged in France in the late 1990s in the non-profit sector, and at the time it referred to the need for non-profit organisations managing services to highlight their contribution to society and their contribution to the "general interest (intérêt général)".		"The term "utilité sociale (social value)" emerged in France in the late 1990s in the non-profit sector, and at the time it referred to the need for non-profit organisations managing services to highlight their contribution to society and their contribution to the "general interest (intérêt général)".

	* Demonstrating the social ~~utility~~ of their actions and results became a growing requirement of public authorities and citizens alike, as the non-profit nature (or limited profitability) and disinterested management of voluntary organisations '''no longer sufficed''' to justify specific public funding.		* Demonstrating the social value of their actions and results became a growing requirement of public authorities and citizens alike, as the non-profit nature (or limited profitability) and disinterested management of voluntary organisations '''no longer sufficed''' to justify specific public funding.
	* In the 2000s, social ~~utility~~ was claimed by many actors and institutions as: '''a marker of a non-statutory approach''' to the SSE field (e.g. the APES progress approach); '''a label''' for solidarity-based, fair trade and ecological practices (e.g. fair trade); '''a criterion''' for a new company status (e.g. the SCIC); a funding criterion for calls for projects from local authorities or foundations; '''a subject of research''' and '''an evaluation method''.		* In the 2000s, social value was claimed by many actors and institutions as: '''a marker of a non-statutory approach''' to the SSE field (e.g. the APES progress approach); '''a label''' for solidarity-based, fair trade and ecological practices (e.g. fair trade); '''a criterion''' for a new company status (e.g. the SCIC); a funding criterion for calls for projects from local authorities or foundations; '''a subject of research''' and '''an evaluation method''.

	In the 2010s, the concept of social impact gradually spread and came to compete with that of social ~~utility~~ under the influence of new players (social entrepreneurs), financiers (foundations, private investors), new public measures (e.g. social impact contracts), international bodies (e.g. the OECD's social impact task force), consultancy firms (e.g. KPMG) and business schools (e.g. the social entrepreneurship chair at Essec)."<ref>from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>		In the 2010s, the concept of social impact gradually spread and came to compete with that of social value under the influence of new players (social entrepreneurs), financiers (foundations, private investors), new public measures (e.g. social impact contracts), international bodies (e.g. the OECD's social impact task force), consultancy firms (e.g. KPMG) and business schools (e.g. the social entrepreneurship chair at Essec)."<ref>from Appui à l’émergence et au développement d’initiatives d’économie solidaire, MES, 2023</ref>

	== Public policies associated with this issue ==		== Public policies associated with this issue ==

	In France, three public policies have shaped the public authorities' approach to social ~~utility~~: taxation of associations; subsidised employment policies and the law on the social economy (2014). Article 2 of this law broadens the criteria for social ~~utility~~: "providing, through their activity, support for people in vulnerable situations", plus "fighting inequality", "educating citizens", strengthening "territorial cohesion", "sustainable development" and "international solidarity".		In France, three public policies have shaped the public authorities' approach to social value: taxation of associations; subsidised employment policies and the law on the social economy (2014). Article 2 of this law broadens the criteria for social value: "providing, through their activity, support for people in vulnerable situations", plus "fighting inequality", "educating citizens", strengthening "territorial cohesion", "sustainable development" and "international solidarity".

	== Main networks working on this issue ==		== Main networks working on this issue ==
	== Links ==		== Links ==